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Combining Realist approaches and Normalization Process Theory to understand implementation: a systematic review.

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Summary

Combining Realist approaches and Normalization Process Theory (NPT) enhances understanding of intervention implementation. This systematic review explores their integration, finding NPT often strengthens Realist analyses for better explanatory power in implementation research.

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Normalization Process TheoryRealistSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Implementation Science
  • Health Services Research
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Realist approaches and Normalization Process Theory (NPT) are prominent in implementation research.
  • The study addresses the need to understand how these approaches are combined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the combination of Realist approaches and NPT in implementation research.
  • To determine the complementarity of these two approaches.
  • To provide practical guidance for their joint application.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies integrating Realist and NPT.
  • Searched multiple databases (ASSIA, CINAHL, Proquest, PsycARTICLES) in January 2020.
  • Narrative synthesis of twelve included papers from eight studies.

Main Results:

  • Realist approaches were primary in most studies (6/8).
  • Normalization Process Theory (NPT) enhanced Realist analyses, particularly in developing Contexts, Mechanisms, and Outcomes.
  • Limited author reflections on the integration process were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Combining Realist and NPT offers enhanced explanatory power for implementation.
  • Detailed reporting on methods and analysis is crucial for advancing knowledge.
  • Appraisal of theoretical and practical utility is advised for future research.