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Related Experiment Videos

Long-lasting and rapid calcium changes during mitosis.

R R Ratan1, F R Maxfield, M L Shelanski

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|September 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Calcium transients in dividing cells occur before chromosome separation and during cytokinesis. These calcium changes may play a role in cell division, particularly in the cleavage process.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calcium ions (Ca2+) are critical signaling molecules involved in numerous cellular processes.
  • Understanding the precise role of calcium in cell division requires detailed temporal analysis of calcium dynamics during mitosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the timing, magnitude, and duration of cytoplasmic-free calcium ([Ca2+]i) changes during specific mitotic events in Pt K2 cells.
  • To correlate [Ca2+]i fluctuations with cellular and chromosomal movements during cell division.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time measurement of [Ca2+]i every 6-7 seconds in single dividing Pt K2 cells using fura-2 and microspectrophotometry.
  • Simultaneous bright-field microscopy to observe cellular and chromosomal dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Ninety percent of metaphase cells exhibited at least one [Ca2+]i transient before chromosome separation, peaking at 3 minutes prior.
  • A significant [Ca2+]i increase was observed in 82% of cells within 2 minutes of cytokinesis onset.
  • One-third of interphase cells showed dramatic, repeated [Ca2+]i transients, distinct from mitotic changes.

Conclusions:

  • Metaphase calcium transients are unlikely to directly trigger anaphase but may be part of a complex progression.
  • Calcium likely plays a direct role in cytokinesis, potentially by activating the contractile ring.
  • Further investigation is needed to determine the necessity of these calcium transients for mitotic and interphase activities.

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