Biological Function of Long Non-coding RNA (LncRNA) Xist
Wenlun Wang1, Lu Min1, Xinyuan Qiu1
1Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|June 28, 2021
Summary
Long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) is crucial for cell development and disease, acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). This review details Xist
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Genomics
Background:
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression through various mechanisms.
- lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) is known for its role in X-chromosome inactivation.
- Emerging evidence highlights lncRNA Xist's involvement in human diseases, particularly cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the cellular functions of lncRNA Xist in mammalian cells.
- To discuss the current understanding of the lncRNA Xist competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in diseases.
- To summarize Xist's regulatory mechanisms in chromosome dosage compensation and pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on lncRNA Xist.
- Analysis of Xist's role in cellular functions and disease development.
- Examination of Xist's involvement in ceRNA networks.
Main Results:
- lncRNA Xist regulates gene expression at multiple levels (epigenetic, transcriptional, translational).
- Xist plays a significant role in cell growth, development, and disease pathogenesis, including various cancers.
- Xist functions as a ceRNA, contributing to disease development and potentially serving as a biomarker.
Conclusions:
- lncRNA Xist is a critical regulator in both normal cellular processes and disease states.
- Understanding the Xist ceRNA network offers insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.
- Xist holds promise as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target.
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