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Conducting polymer-based granular hydrogels for injectable 3D cell scaffolds.

Vivian Rachel Feig1, Sruthi Santhanam2, Kelly Wu McConnell2

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.

Advanced Materials Technologies
|June 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed injectable, conductive granular hydrogels for stem cell applications. These materials offer native tissue softness and electrical properties, enabling precise control over neural progenitor cell behavior and demonstrating biocompatibility in rodent brains.

Keywords:
3D cell scaffoldsconductive hydrogelsinjectable hydrogels

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Injectable 3D cell scaffolds are crucial for regenerative medicine, particularly for applications involving stem cell manipulation.
  • Electrical conductivity and tissue-like softness are desirable properties for scaffolds to influence cell behavior via electric fields.
  • Granular hydrogels offer a promising platform due to their injectability, elasticity, and ability to encapsulate cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate electrically conductive granular hydrogels with native tissue-level softness.
  • To assess the material's properties, including injectability, conductivity, and cell encapsulation capabilities.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility and efficacy of these scaffolds for neural progenitor cell delivery and behavior modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of conductive granular hydrogels using fragmented bulk hydrogels of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS).
  • Characterization of hydrogel properties: shear-thinning, self-healing, electrical conductivity, and injectability.
  • Encapsulation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells within the hydrogels.
  • Assessment of cell viability and inflammatory response following injection into rodent brains.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated electrically conductive granular hydrogels with high conductivity (~10 S m⁻¹).
  • Demonstrated excellent shear-thinning and self-healing properties, crucial for injectability and scaffold integrity.
  • Achieved successful encapsulation and maintained viability of iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells for at least 5 days.
  • Showed minimal inflammatory response upon injection into rodent brains, indicating good biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • Electrically conductive granular hydrogels represent a novel injectable scaffold material with tunable properties.
  • These hydrogels can effectively support neural progenitor cell viability and behavior, paving the way for electroactive neural tissue engineering.
  • The demonstrated biocompatibility supports their potential use in neural regenerative therapies.