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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Process-Property Relationships for Melt-Spun Poly(lactic acid) Yarn.

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Optimizing melt-spinning conditions for poly(lactic acid) (PLA) yarn is crucial to balance desired mechanical properties with minimal degradation. This study reveals how melt temperature, throughput, and draw ratio influence PLA yarn characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Engineering
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a versatile biomaterial valued for its biocompatibility and biodegradability.
  • PLA's susceptibility to hydrolytic and thermal degradation during melt processing necessitates careful control of processing parameters.
  • Achieving optimal yarn properties requires balancing processing conditions to prevent premature degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of melt-spinning parameters on the mechanical and physicochemical properties of PLA yarn.
  • To establish process-property relationships for extruded PLA yarn.
  • To identify optimal processing conditions for desired yarn characteristics while minimizing degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Melt-spinning of PLA under varying conditions including melt temperature, spinneret throughput, take-up speed, draw ratio, and drawing temperature.
  • Characterization of resulting PLA yarn properties: yarn size (linear mass density), tenacity, elongation at break, crystallinity, and molecular weight.
  • Analysis of process-induced degradation through molecular weight reduction.

Main Results:

  • PLA yarn properties varied significantly with processing parameters, with yarn size ranging from 6.2 to 101.6 tex, tenacity from 2.5 to 34.1 gf/tex, and elongation at break from 4 to 480%.
  • Crystallinity ranged from 14.6% to 62.2%, indicating significant structural differences based on processing.
  • Molecular weight reduction due to process-induced degradation varied from 7.6% to 20.5% across different parameter combinations.

Conclusions:

  • Melt-spinning parameters critically influence PLA yarn properties, enabling tailored characteristics.
  • Controlling parameters like temperature and draw ratio is essential to achieve desired yarn performance and mitigate degradation.
  • This research provides insights for optimizing PLA yarn extrusion for specific applications.