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Transient hyperphosphatasemia: Possible association with pediatric acute respiratory infection

Yoshihiko Sakurai1, Takafumi Higashiguchi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics Matsubara Tokushukai Hospital Matsubara Japan.

Pediatric Investigation
|June 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Transient hyperphosphatasemia (TH), a temporary rise in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), is linked to acute respiratory infections in children. Early recognition of TH in these cases can prevent unnecessary medical interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Biochemistry
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Transient hyperphosphatasemia (TH) is characterized by temporary elevations in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in infants and children.
  • While often idiopathic, a potential link between respiratory infections and TH has been suggested.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between transient hyperphosphatasemia and acute respiratory infectious diseases in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of biochemical investigations, focusing on serum ALP levels (> 2000 U/L), was conducted over a 5-year period.
  • Patients diagnosed with TH were identified and their clinical data, including infection status, were reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Of 1097 patients, 12 exhibited marked serum ALP elevation; 11 were diagnosed with TH and were under 5 years old.
  • Ten of the 11 TH patients had concurrent acute respiratory infections.
  • No significant ALP elevation was observed in patients with non-inflammatory conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The study findings suggest a significant association between acute respiratory infections and transient hyperphosphatasemia in young children.
  • Considering TH in the differential diagnosis for children with respiratory infections may facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis, potentially reducing unnecessary medical procedures.
Abstract

Keywords:
Alkaline phosphataseIsoenzymeRespiratory infectionTransient hyperphosphatasemia

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