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Bone metabolism in pregnancy and lactation
Anna Capozzi1, Giovanni Scambia2, Stefano Lello2
1Department of Women and Child Health, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy - anna.capozzi@guest.policlinicogemelli.it.
Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology
|June 28, 2021
Summary
Pregnancy and lactation rarely cause osteoporosis or fractures. Bone mineral density typically recovers post-weaning, suggesting a conservative, case-by-case management approach for bone loss during these periods.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive endocrinology
- Bone metabolism
- Calcium regulation
Background:
- Pregnancy and lactation involve complex hormonal shifts affecting bone metabolism.
- Maintaining calcium balance is crucial for fetal and neonatal development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on osteoporosis, pregnancy, and lactation.
- To synthesize current understanding of bone metabolism changes during these physiological states.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of original articles, reviews, and meta-analyses.
- Focused search on keywords: osteoporosis, pregnancy, lactation.
Main Results:
- Osteoporosis and fractures associated with pregnancy/lactation are infrequent.
- Management is typically individualized due to lack of universal guidelines.
- Bone mineral density often normalizes within 12 months postpartum.
Conclusions:
- Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis/fractures are rare events.
- Conservative, tailored management is recommended in the absence of specific guidelines.
- Observing bone mass recovery post-lactation before treatment is a reasonable strategy.
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