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Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Two-Dimensional-Material-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor for Detecting COVID-19 Virus (SARS-CoV-2).

Parvin Fathi-Hafshejani1, Nurul Azam1, Lu Wang2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States.

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|June 28, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel biosensor using tungsten disulfide (WSe2) field-effect transistors (FETs) for rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. The WSe2-FET biosensor achieved a detection limit of 25 fg/μL, offering a promising tool for infectious disease surveillance.

Keywords:
2D materialsCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2 spike proteinbiosensorsfield-effect transistors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Emerging infectious diseases like COVID-19 necessitate rapid pathogen detection.
  • Field-effect transistors (FETs) utilizing 2D materials offer label-free sensing capabilities due to significant electronic property changes.
  • Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising semiconducting 2D materials for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a biosensor based on WSe2 2D-FETs for rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2.
  • To functionalize WSe2 monolayers with antibodies for specific SARS-CoV-2 spike protein recognition.
  • To evaluate the sensor's performance, including its detection limit and selectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of WSe2-based FETs.
  • Functionalization of WSe2 monolayers with anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein monoclonal antibodies.
  • Characterization using density functional theory, atomic force microscopy, Raman, and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
  • Measurement of electronic transport properties and sensor response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens.

Main Results:

  • The WSe2-FET biosensor demonstrated sensitive and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
  • A low detection limit of 25 fg/μL was achieved in 0.01X PBS.
  • Device performance was thoroughly characterized through theoretical and experimental analyses.
  • The functionalized WSe2 monolayers showed specific binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Conclusions:

  • TMDC-based 2D-FETs, specifically WSe2, show significant potential as sensitive and selective biosensors.
  • This technology can be applied for the rapid detection of infectious diseases.
  • The developed biosensor offers a promising platform for future diagnostic tools.