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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

746
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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Size-Exclusion Chromatography01:08

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

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In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...
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Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 31, 2025

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
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Precise Sub-Angstrom Ion Separation Using Conjugated Microporous Polymer Membranes.

Zongyao Zhou1, Dong Guo1, Digambar B Shinde1

  • 1Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.

ACS Nano
|June 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents novel conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) membranes for precise ion separation. These polymer membranes offer high selectivity and tunable thickness, overcoming limitations of traditional polymer membranes.

Keywords:
carbon nanotube filmconjugated microporous polymerelectropolymerizationion sievingmembraneprecise separation

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Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes
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Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional polymer membranes have broad pore-size distributions, limiting their ion separation selectivity.
  • Crystalline porous materials offer higher selectivity but are less processable and more expensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate highly selective ion-sieving membranes using conjugated microporous polymers (CMP).
  • To achieve precise control over pore size and membrane thickness for enhanced ion separation performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of membranes using a polycarbazole-type conjugated microporous polymer.
  • Employing a scalable electropolymerization strategy for membrane synthesis.
  • Characterization of pore size distribution and membrane thickness.

Main Results:

  • The developed CMP membranes exhibit highly uniform sub-nanometer pores.
  • Precisely tunable membrane thickness was achieved.
  • Demonstrated high ion-sieving performance with sub-1 Å size precision.

Conclusions:

  • The CMP membranes offer superior ion-sieving performance due to their uniform and narrow pore-size distribution.
  • Electropolymerization provides a scalable method for producing high-performance ion-separation membranes.
  • These membranes represent a significant advancement over conventional polymer membranes for ion separation applications.