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Updated: Oct 31, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
Published on: August 12, 2013
Localized Water-In-Salt Electrolyte for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries
Pauline Jaumaux1, Xu Yang1, Bao Zhang2,3
1Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
Abstract:
Water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes using super-concentrated organic lithium (Li) salts are of interest for aqueous Li-ion batteries. However, the high salt cost, high viscosity, poor wettability, and environmental hazards remain a great challenge. Herein, we present a localized water-in-salt (LWIS) electrolyte based on low-cost lithium nitrate (LiNO3 ) salt and 1,5-pentanediol (PD) as inert diluent. The addition of PD maintains the solvation structure of the WIS electrolyte, improves the electrolyte stability via hydrogen-bonding interactions with water and NO3 - molecules, and reduces the total salt concentration. By in situ gelling the LWIS electrolyte with tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TEGDA) monomer, the electrolyte stability window can be further expanded to 3.0 V. The as-developed Mo6 S8 |LWIS gel electrolyte|LiMn2 O4 (LMO) batteries delivered outstanding cycling performance with an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.53 % after 250 cycles at 1 C.
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