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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Recent advances in cell therapy for stroke.

You Jeong Park1, Cesar V Borlongan1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, USA.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|June 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell therapy has advanced over 50 years for brain repair, particularly after stroke. New applications include COVID-19 survivors due to anti-inflammatory effects, requiring optimized transplantation for safe clinical use.

Keywords:
Brain repaircerebral ischemianeurological disordersregenerative medicinestem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Stem cell therapy has evolved significantly over the past 50 years.
  • Its clinical translation is crucial for treating neurological disorders, especially stroke.
  • Advancements include various delivery methods from stereotaxic transplantation to intravenous and intraarterial routes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress of stem cell therapy in treating brain disorders.
  • To highlight the potential of stem cells in promoting brain repair through cell replenishment and therapeutic molecule secretion.
  • To explore the emerging role of stem cell therapy in addressing stroke in COVID-19 survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on stem cell therapy for neurological disorders.
  • Analysis of different stem cell delivery techniques and their efficacy.
  • Evaluation of the therapeutic mechanisms of stem cells, including anti-inflammatory properties.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells effectively replenish injured brain cells and secrete therapeutic factors, promoting neural repair.
  • Delivery methods have advanced from invasive stereotaxic to minimally invasive intravenous and intraarterial approaches.
  • Stem cells' anti-inflammatory properties present a novel therapeutic avenue for stroke in COVID-19 survivors.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for stroke and other brain disorders.
  • Optimizing cell transplantation regimens is essential for safe and effective clinical application.
  • Further research is needed to fully harness the potential of stem cells in neurological recovery.