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Recent MMR vaccination in health care workers and Covid-19: A test negative case-control study

Lisa Lundberg1, Maria Bygdell2, Gustaf Stukat von Feilitzen3

  • 1Dept. of Clinical Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Vaccine
|June 30, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine may offer some protection against SARS-CoV-2, particularly in males. This study found a reduced odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 in recently vaccinated males.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Hypothesized cross-protection between measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine and SARS-CoV-2.
  • Variability in COVID-19 disease severity may be influenced by MMR vaccination status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the potential protective effect of the MMR vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Examine if MMR vaccination influences SARS-CoV-2 test positivity.

Main Methods:

  • Test-negative case-control study design.
  • Utilized data from a measles outbreak with high MMR vaccination rates among healthcare workers.
  • Analyzed SARS-CoV-2 positivity in 5905 subjects based on recent MMR vaccination.

Main Results:

  • Overall odds ratio for SARS-CoV-2 positivity in recently MMR-vaccinated individuals was 0.91 (95% CI 0.76, 1.09).
  • Significant interaction observed between MMR vaccination and sex.
  • Males recently vaccinated with MMR showed reduced odds of SARS-CoV-2 positivity (OR 0.43, P=0.006).
  • Females recently vaccinated with MMR showed no significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 positivity (OR 1.01, P=0.92).

Conclusions:

  • The MMR vaccine may confer a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection in males.
  • No significant protective effect of the MMR vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 was observed in females.
Keywords:
Covid-19MMR vaccineSARS-CoV-2

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