High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Component of the Metabolic Syndrome with a New Role in Lung Function

A considerable uncertainty exists about the relationship between adult metabolic syndrome (MS) and obstructive lung disease (OLD), perhaps owing to systemic inflammation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between MS (with its components) and the patterns of lung function impairment.

The participants in this study were 3978 adults aged 30-78 years from the baseline cohort of the Ningxia Cohort Study. The participants underwent pulmonary function tests, questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and analysis of blood specimens.

No significant difference in the prevalence of OLD was observed between male (15.9%) and female (14.2%) participants. After adjusting for possible confounding factors (e.g., age and family income), impaired lung function was found to be related to some MS components, such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (all P < 0.05).

As an important component of MS, abdominal obesity is related to impaired lung function. Surprisingly, this study found that increased HDL-C levels could accelerate the decline of lung function; it also suggests that in the presence of different metabolic health conditions, especially abdominal obesity and low levels of HDL-C, various metabolic indicators should be comprehensively considered to prevent the decline of lung function. This partly explains the increase in the incidence of two or more chronic diseases. Therefore, the prevention of chronic diseases should shift from single-disease prevention to a comprehensive consideration of multi-disease prevention in the future. Therefore, a more sensitive evaluation of the role of HDL-C in lung function is warranted.