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Linking behavioral states to landscape features for improved conservation management.

Maitreyi Sur1,2, Brian Woodbridge3, Todd C Esque4

  • 1Conservation Science Global, Inc. West Cape May NJ USA.

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Summary

Conservation efforts for golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) benefit from understanding their habitat use. This study identifies distinct behavioral states and their specific landscape associations, aiding species management.

Keywords:
GPS telemetryGolden Eagleanimal movementbehavioral change point analysisconservation management

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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Understanding animal habitat use is crucial for effective conservation, yet linking specific behaviors to landscape features remains challenging.
  • Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) inhabit diverse landscapes, and their conservation requires knowledge of how different behaviors relate to environmental variables.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct behavioral states of golden eagles in the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts using behavioral change point analysis.
  • To determine the habitat associations for each identified behavioral state to inform conservation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 186,859 GPS points from 48 golden eagles to model behavior.
  • Applied behavioral change point analysis to segment movement data into distinct behavioral states.
  • Correlated behavioral states with environmental variables such as altitude above ground level (AGL), terrain, and slope aspect.

Main Results:

  • Identified four distinct behavioral states characterized by different movement patterns and altitudes above ground level (AGL).
  • Short-distance movements (perching, low-altitude hunting) were linked to low AGL, higher elevations, steep, north-facing terrain.
  • Longer-distance movements (hunting, transiting) were associated with gentle, south-facing slopes and desert updraft environments.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral state differentiation is strongly related to altitude above ground level (AGL) and specific landscape features.
  • Habitat associations vary significantly between different golden eagle behavioral states, providing a basis for targeted conservation.
  • The methodology offers a transferable framework for identifying behavior-specific habitat associations for other species of conservation concern.