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Exploiting the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system for human cancers and immunotherapy
Lukman O Afolabi1,2,3, Mariam O Afolabi4,5, Musbahu M Sani3
1Guangdong Immune Cell therapy Engineering and Technology research Center Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China.
Clinical & Translational Immunology
|June 30, 2021
Summary
CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing revolutionizes cancer immunotherapy by enhancing immune cells for targeted treatments. This technology offers new ways to combat tumors and develop universal cell therapies for broader clinical use.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology have advanced eukaryotic cell genetic manipulation.
- CRISPR-Cas9 is revolutionizing cancer research and treatment, particularly in immunotherapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the applications and challenges of CRISPR technology in cancer research and immunotherapy.
- To discuss advances and prospects of CRISPR for novel cell-based therapeutics beyond immune oncology.
Main Methods:
- Application of CRISPR-Cas9 in genetic engineering of autologous T and natural killer (NK) cells.
- Engineering immune cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) for targeted therapies.
- Enhancing immune cell sensing circuits for sophisticated functionality.
Main Results:
- CRISPR-Cas9 facilitates advanced cancer immunotherapy, including adoptive cell transfer and overcoming immune checkpoints.
- The technology enables expression of novel CAR designs for hematological and solid tumors.
- CRISPR-Cas9 aids in overcoming the tumor microenvironment and developing off-the-shelf cellular products.
Conclusions:
- CRISPR-Cas9 technology holds significant promise for advancing cancer immunotherapy and developing innovative cell-based therapies.
- Further research is needed to address challenges and fully realize the potential of CRISPR in clinical applications.
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