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Influence of center-based child care on development of two-year-olds in a Brazilian cohort

Otávio Amaral de Andrade Leão1, Gregore Iven Mielke2, Mariângela Freitas da Silveira1

  • 1Univerisdade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.

Revista De Saude Publica
|June 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Center-based child care attendance in Brazil is linked to better cognitive development in two-year-olds, especially with early and continuous enrollment. The study recommends expanding child care access for improved early childhood development outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Early Childhood Education
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Child care attendance is a significant factor in early childhood development.
  • Understanding the impact of child care on cognitive and motor skills is crucial for policy-making.
  • The Brazilian context presents unique challenges and opportunities for child care provision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between child care attendance since birth and the developmental outcomes of two-year-old Brazilian children.
  • To assess the impact of different patterns of child care attendance on cognitive, motor, and language development.
  • To provide evidence for improving child care policies in Brazil.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort study.
  • Neurodevelopmental assessment using INTERGROWTH-21st Neurodevelopment Assessment (INTER-NDA) at two years of age.
  • Linear regression analyses adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, health, and child stimulation variables.

Main Results:

  • Approximately one-third of the 3,870 infants attended center-based child care.
  • Crude analyses showed positive associations between child care attendance and developmental outcomes, excluding motor domains.
  • Adjusted analyses revealed significantly higher cognitive development scores for children attending child care compared to those who never attended.

Conclusions:

  • Center-based child care attendance is associated with improved cognitive development in Brazilian children.
  • Early and continuous child care attendance demonstrated a stronger positive association with cognitive development.
  • The findings underscore the need to increase access to quality child care opportunities in early childhood in Brazil.
Abstract

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