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Presentations to the emergency department in Bologna, Italy, during COVID-19 outbreak

Riccardo Masetti1, Ilaria Corsini2, Davide Leardini1

  • 1Unit of Peadiatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

BMJ Paediatrics Open
|June 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

During COVID-19 lockdowns, pediatric emergency room visits in Bologna, Italy, dropped by 50%. This study explores reasons for the decline in child healthcare utilization.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Emilia Romagna (ER) region experienced a severe COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020.
  • Public health measures, including lockdowns, were implemented to control the spread of the virus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures on pediatric emergency department (ED) presentations in Bologna, Italy.
  • To identify trends in pediatric ED visits and admission rates during the initial phase of the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric emergency department data from Bologna, Italy.
  • Comparison of patient presentation numbers and admission rates between January 30 - May 31, 2020, and the same period in 2019.

Main Results:

  • Total pediatric ED presentations decreased by 50% in 2020 compared to 2019.
  • Attendance declined across all pediatric age groups: 35% (0-2 years), 55% (2-10 years), and 46% (10-14 years).
  • The pediatric ED admission rate significantly increased from 5% in 2019 to 13% in 2020.

Conclusions:

  • The significant reduction in pediatric ED visits during the COVID-19 lockdown was likely influenced by fewer non-urgent cases and a decrease in common childhood infections.
  • The rise in admission rates suggests that children presenting to the ED during this period may have had more severe conditions.

Keywords:
epidemiologyhealth services research

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