Zinc finger protein 483 (ZNF483) regulates neuronal differentiation and methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2)...

Rett syndrome (OMIM #312750) is a developmental neurological disorder that is caused by a mutation in methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). MeCP2 localizes to the nucleus, binds to methylated DNA, and regulates gene expression during neuronal development. MeCP2 assembles multiple protein complexes and its functions are controlled by interactions with its binding partners. Therefore, functional analysis of MeCP2 binding proteins is important. Previously, we proposed nine MeCP2-binding candidates in the cerebral cortex. In this study, we characterized and examined the function of the MeCP2 binding protein zinc finger protein 483 (ZNF483) to determine the significance of the MeCP2-ZNF483 interaction in neuronal development. Phylogenetic profiling revealed that the ZNF483 protein is broadly conserved in metazoans. In contrast, MeCP2 was obtained during evolution to chordates. To investigate ZNF483 functions, ZNF483-knockout P19 cell lines were established using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. These cell lines showed decreased cell proliferation, altered aggregate formation, decreased neuronal marker NeuN expression, and altered MeCP2 phosphorylation patterns. Notably, cytosolic localization of MeCP2 was enhanced by ZNF483-overexpression. Taken together, we propose that ZNF483 might be involved in the promotion of neuronal differentiation by regulating the subcellular localization of MeCP2 in P19 cells.