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Language patterns of outgroup prejudice.

Ying Li1, Thomas T Hills2

  • 1Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.

Cognition
|June 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subtle prejudice persists in language, with socially distant minority groups more often described using abstract and negative terms. This study analyzes 1.8 million articles to reveal language patterns reflecting prejudice.

Keywords:
ImmigrationIntergroup contact theoryLatent Dirichlet AllocationNatural language processingOutgroup prejudiceSocial distance

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Natural Language Processing

Background:

  • Explicit prejudice is declining, but subtle linguistic prejudice remains prevalent.
  • Understanding how language patterns predict prejudice across diverse minority groups is crucial.
  • Existing theories like construal level theory and intergroup-contact theory inform the study of intergroup relations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between perceived social distance and language patterns used to describe minority groups.
  • To determine how language concreteness and sentiment correlate with prejudice towards different U.S. minority groups.
  • To explore the thematic content of prejudice in immigration-related discourse.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a large natural language corpus (1.8 million U.S. newspaper articles).
  • Application of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling of immigration-related language.
  • Quantitative and qualitative examination of language referencing 60 U.S. minority groups.

Main Results:

  • Groups perceived as socially distant are more frequently described using abstract language.
  • Language concreteness is positively correlated with sentiment, particularly for minority groups, indicating more negative language for distant groups.
  • Fifteen immigrant-related topics were identified, with varying associations to sentiment across different minority groups.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived social distance influences language concreteness, which in turn correlates with negative sentiment towards outgroups.
  • The study offers a novel, ecologically valid method for analyzing minority group perceptions in language.
  • Findings bridge social psychology theories with computational linguistics research on embedded prejudice.