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Related Concept Videos

Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

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A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

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Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan...
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Protein Folding01:25

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Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation, critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.
Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological Function
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Preparation of Amides01:29

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Amides are synthesized by treating carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of dehydrating agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
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Protein Organization01:13

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Hydrolysis of a Ni-Schiff-Base Complex Using Conditions Suitable for Retention of Acid-labile Protecting Groups
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Assisted dipeptide bond formation: glycine as a case study.

Sofiene Achour1, Zied Hosni2, Sarra Darghouthi1

  • 1University of Tunis El Manar, Research Unity of Modeling in Fundamental Sciences and Didactics, Team of Theoretical Chemistry and Reactivity, BP 254, El Manar 2, 2096, Tunisia.

Heliyon
|July 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Computational studies reveal that methanol and water can facilitate peptide bond formation, suggesting its possibility under interstellar conditions. Glycine dipeptides were analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT).

Keywords:
DFTGlycineMechanismPeptideThe origin of life

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Chemistry
  • Astrochemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Peptide bond formation is fundamental to biological systems and the origin of life.
  • Understanding the conditions favoring peptide bond formation is key to abiogenesis research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics of glycine dipeptide formation.
  • To assess the influence of various solvent environments on peptide bond formation.

Main Methods:

  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were employed.
  • Two basis sets were utilized for computational accuracy.
  • Gas phase, water, methanol, and cyclohexane solvents were simulated.

Main Results:

  • Methanol demonstrated slightly superior kinetic and thermodynamic facilitation compared to water.
  • Cyclohexane proved least effective, followed by the gas phase.
  • Gas phase energetic results closely mirrored those in polar, protic solvents.

Conclusions:

  • Peptide bond formation is feasible under interstellar conditions.
  • Polar protic solvents like methanol and water significantly aid the reaction.
  • Computational insights provide a basis for understanding early Earth and extraterrestrial chemical evolution.