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CD101 genetic variants modify regulatory and conventional T cell phenotypes and functions
Laura E Richert-Spuhler1, Corinne M Mar2, Paurvi Shinde1
1Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Cell Reports. Medicine
|July 1, 2021
Summary
Genetic variants in the CD101 gene increase HIV-1 risk by altering immune cell function and inflammation. These CD101 variants reduce regulatory T cell suppression, impacting immune balance and susceptibility to HIV.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
- Virology
Background:
- CD101 is a protein involved in modulating inflammatory responses.
- Previous research linked CD101 gene variants to increased risk of HIV-1 infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how CD101 variants influence immune cell populations and function.
- To explore the association between CD101 variants and inflammatory cytokine production.
- To understand the role of CD101 in immune quiescence and HIV-1 acquisition.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of blood samples from individuals with and without CD101 variants.
- Assessment of circulating inflammatory cell types.
- Measurement of proinflammatory cytokine production by T cells.
- Transcriptomic analysis of antiviral and HIV resistance genes.
Main Results:
- CD101 variants alter the prevalence of circulating inflammatory cells.
- CD101 variants are associated with increased proinflammatory cytokine production by T cells.
- Certain CD101 variants impair regulatory T cell function, reducing immune quiescence.
- Transcriptomics reveal altered regulation of antiviral pathways and HIV resistance genes.
Conclusions:
- CD101 plays a role in regulating inflammation and maintaining immune homeostasis.
- CD101 variants disrupt immune regulation, potentially increasing susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.
- Altered T cell subset prevalence and function due to CD101 variants contribute to HIV-1 acquisition risk.
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