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Related Experiment Videos

Age-specific norms for the Mini-Mental State Exam.

M L Bleecker1, K Bolla-Wilson, C Kawas

  • 1Department of Neurology, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224.

Neurology
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is influenced by age, not education or sex. Age-specific cutoff scores improve cognitive decline screening sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is a widely used tool for assessing cognitive function.
  • Establishing normative data is crucial for accurate interpretation of cognitive test scores.
  • Age is a known factor influencing cognitive performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) total scores with age, education, sex, and depression in healthy adults.
  • To determine age-specific cutoff scores for the MMSE.
  • To evaluate the utility of age-specific norms for screening cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) to 194 healthy men and women aged 40-89 years.
  • Analyzed the association between MMSE scores and demographic/clinical variables including age, education, sex, and Beck's Depression Inventory scores.

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  • Calculated lowest quartile cutoff scores for the MMSE stratified by decade.

    • Main Results:

    • MMSE total score was significantly associated with age (p < 0.0001).
    • No significant association was found between MMSE scores and vocabulary, education, Beck's Depression Inventory score, or sex.
    • Lowest quartile cutoff scores varied by decade: 29 (40s), 28 (50s-70s), and 26 (80s).

    Conclusions:

    • Age is a significant factor affecting MMSE performance in healthy adults.
    • Age-specific MMSE norms may enhance the sensitivity of screening for progressive cognitive decline compared to a universal cutoff.
    • The findings suggest that age-adjusted interpretation of MMSE scores is warranted for more accurate cognitive assessment.