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Related Concept Videos

Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 31, 2025

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
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Do implicit measures improve suicide risk prediction? An 18-month prospective study using different tasks.

Jakob Scheunemann1, Lena Jelinek1, Judith Peth1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

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Summary

Implicit measures enhance the prediction of suicidal ideation over 18 months in psychiatric patients. However, these methods show limited ability to predict long-term suicide plans or attempts.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Implicit measures show promise in predicting suicidality within shorter follow-up periods.
  • Previous research indicates implicit measures can augment traditional assessments for psychiatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the follow-up period for predicting suicidality using implicit measures.
  • To investigate the efficacy of various implicit methods in predicting suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts over 18 months.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-nine inpatients completed the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS) and multiple implicit measures, including Implicit Association Tests (IATs) and a subliminal priming task.
  • Suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were reassessed after 18 months in 52 patients.

Main Results:

  • Implicit scores significantly improved the prediction of suicidal ideation (BSS scores) at 18 months when added to baseline demographic and clinical predictors.
  • None of the implicit measures were associated with the prediction of suicide plans or attempts during the 18-month follow-up period.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit measures serve as valuable tools for predicting suicidal ideation, offering incremental validity beyond the BSS.
  • The long-term predictive utility of implicit measures for suicide plans and attempts appears limited.