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Oro-Dental Health and Primary Nephrotic Syndrome among Vietnamese Children

Hang Minh Luong1, Tra Thu Nguyen1,2, Huy-Thinh Tran1

  • 1School of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) have significantly higher rates of dental caries and enamel defects. Establishing regular dental care protocols is crucial for improving oral health in these pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Oral Medicine
  • Dental Public Health

Background:

  • Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a common childhood kidney disease.
  • PNS can manifest with significant effects on oral health, impacting both hard and soft tissues.
  • Oral health status in children with PNS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis, hypertrophic gingivitis, and developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children with PNS.
  • To assess the association between PNS and these oral diseases.
  • To evaluate oral care behaviors in children with PNS.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 407 children with PNS and 407 age- and gender-matched controls.
  • Diagnosis of PNS confirmed via blood and urinary tests.
  • Oral examinations using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Gingival Index (GI), Gingival Overgrowth Index (GOI), Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Index (dmft/DMFT), and DDE assessment.

Main Results:

  • PNS patients exhibited significantly higher OHI-S, GI, and dmft scores compared to controls (p < 0.001).
  • A higher proportion of dental caries and DDE was observed in children with PNS.
  • The study identified a significant association between PNS and poorer oral health outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Children with PNS demonstrate increased susceptibility to dental caries and developmental defects of enamel.
  • There is a clear need for implementing periodic dental care protocols for pediatric PNS patients.
  • Proactive dental management is essential to mitigate oral health complications in children with PNS.

Keywords:
Vietnamesechildrenoral healthprimary nephrotic syndrome

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