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Intimate Partner Violence and Structural Violence in the Lives of Incarcerated Women: A Mixed-Method Study in Rural
Shilo St Cyr1, Elise Trott Jaramillo2, Laura Garrison2
1Sexual Violence Prevention and Response Office, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
Summary
Intimate partner violence (IPV) significantly impacts incarcerated women returning to rural areas, increasing risks for mental health issues, substance use, and reoffending. Addressing socioeconomic factors and discrimination is crucial for successful reentry.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Sociology
Background:
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent among incarcerated women.
- Reentry into rural communities presents unique challenges, including isolation and inequities.
- IPV exacerbates risks for mental ill-health, substance use, and recidivism in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the intersection of IPV with social-ecological factors affecting incarcerated women returning to rural New Mexico.
- To identify how individual, interpersonal, and systemic factors influence reentry outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews were conducted with 99 incarcerated women.
- Data were analyzed separately and triangulated to identify converging and diverging themes.
- Participants were within 6 months of returning to micropolitan or non-core rural areas.
Main Results:
- IPV experiences intersect with poverty, lack of resources, and discrimination.
- Substance use and psychological distress are linked to individual and interpersonal IPV.
- Reluctance to seek help is heightened by experiences of discrimination.
Conclusions:
- A proactive approach is needed to address the cycle of IPV, mental distress, incarceration, and violence for rural reentry.
- Policy and treatment must prioritize socioeconomic marginalization and expand resources for rural women, especially women of color.
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