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Updated: Oct 30, 2025
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Published on: February 12, 2014
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Emitter Location with Azimuth and Elevation Measurements Using a Single Aerial Platform for Electronic Support
1Institute of Traffic Telematics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
Summary
Passive ground emitter geolocation is crucial for electronic warfare, providing threat warnings and enabling target engagement. This study explores 3D geolocation using azimuth and elevation, finding batch processing accurate with sufficient data and instantaneous methods improving sequentially.
Area of Science:
- Electronic Warfare
- Signal Processing
- Geospatial Intelligence
Background:
- Passive ground emitter geolocation is vital for electronic warfare (EW) systems.
- Accurate emitter positioning enhances threat detection and enables precision-guided munitions.
- Maintaining electronic silence is critical for mission platform survivability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate three-dimensional (3D) geolocation algorithms for passive ground emitters.
- To evaluate solutions using only azimuth and elevation measurements.
- To compare batch-processing and instantaneous geolocation techniques.
Main Methods:
- Developed and simulated three batch-processing algorithms.
- Developed and simulated one instantaneous (single-observation) geolocation algorithm.
- Utilized least squares and particle filter estimation techniques.
Main Results:
- Batch-processing solutions demonstrated acceptable accuracy with a sufficient number of observation points.
- Geolocation accuracy degraded significantly with fewer observation points.
- Instantaneous geolocation solutions improved accuracy when operating in sequential mode, approaching batch-processing performance.
Conclusions:
- Both batch-processing and sequential instantaneous geolocation methods are viable for EW applications.
- Sufficient observation points are key for accurate geolocation, especially for batch methods.
- Sequential processing offers a flexible approach for real-time geolocation in dynamic environments.
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