Study on X-ray Induced Two-Dimensional Thermal Shock Waves in Carbon/Phenolic

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Aerospace Engineering
• Physics

Background:

• Carbon/Phenolic (C/P) materials are vital in aerospace for X-ray radiation protection.
• Understanding thermal shock wave propagation in C/P under intense X-ray irradiation is critical for material design and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish and validate an anisotropic elastic-plastic constitutive model for simulating X-ray induced thermal shock waves in C/P materials.
• To analyze the propagation characteristics and energy deposition of thermal shock waves generated by different X-ray energies (1 keV and 3 keV).

Main Methods:

• Development of an in-house code "RAMA" incorporating an anisotropic elastic-plastic constitutive model.
• Numerical simulation of two-dimensional thermal shock waves induced by X-ray radiation.
• Experimental validation of numerical simulations using electron beam-generated thermal shock waves.

Main Results:

• The simulation accurately predicts thermal shock wave stress, validated against experimental data.
• Distinct thermal shock wave mechanisms were observed for 1 keV (vaporization recoil as compression wave) and 3 keV (thermal deformation leading to penetration) X-rays.
• Energy deposition exhibits exponential decay, with 1 keV soft X-rays showing high energy deposition and shallow depth, while 3 keV hard X-rays have low energy deposition and deep penetration.

Conclusions:

• The "RAMA" code successfully simulates two-dimensional orthotropic elastoplastic constitutive relations for C/P materials under thermal shock.
• The study provides significant insights into the behavior of anisotropic materials under intense X-ray radiation, essential for aerospace applications.