Evaluation of Microalgae Antiviral Activity and Their Bioactive Compounds

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Phycology
• Virology

Background:

• The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlighted the urgent need for novel antiviral agents.
• Microalgae are recognized as rich sources of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites.
• Their high biomass production and metabolic potential make them attractive for bioprospecting.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize the antiviral properties of microalgae and their compounds.
• To evaluate the potential of microalgae against human and animal viruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
• To explore microalgae-based strategies, such as genetic engineering and dietary enrichment, for antiviral applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific publications on microalgae and antiviral compounds.
• Analysis of known antiviral molecules from microalgae, including lectins, polysaccharides, pigments, and proteins.
• Discussion of genetic engineering approaches and dietary supplementation with microalgae.

Main Results:

• Microalgae produce various antiviral compounds, such as lectins, polysaccharides, and photosynthetic pigments.
• These compounds exhibit activity against a range of viruses.
• Microalgae show promise for developing new antiviral therapies and preventative strategies.

Conclusions:

• Microalgae represent a valuable and sustainable resource for discovering novel antiviral compounds.
• Further research into microalgae-derived antivirals, including genetically modified strains and dietary applications, is warranted.
• Microalgae-based interventions could play a significant role in combating viral infections.