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Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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Related Experiment Video

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Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
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Deterministic and Empirical Approach for Millimeter-Wave Complex Outdoor Smart Parking Solution Deployments.

Fidel Alejandro Rodríguez-Corbo1, Leyre Azpilicueta1, Mikel Celaya-Echarri1

  • 1School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.

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Summary

This study analyzes how trees and parked cars impact wireless signals in outdoor parking lots. Findings help optimize deployment for vehicle-to-infrastructure communications.

Keywords:
3D Ray Launchingmillimeter wavepropagation modelingsmart parkingvegetation environmentvehicular communications

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Communications
  • Electromagnetics
  • Radio Propagation

Background:

  • Outdoor wireless deployments, especially for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) systems, face challenges from environmental factors.
  • Understanding large-scale channel parameters like path loss is crucial for reliable system design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the effects of varying vegetation and vehicle densities on radio channel parameters.
  • To assess propagation impairments in outdoor parking environments for smart parking solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized deterministic ray-launching (RL) simulations combined with empirical measurements.
  • Conducted analysis at 28 GHz using directional antennas under realistic outdoor parking scenarios.
  • Investigated the impact of incremental tree barriers and varying parked vehicle densities.

Main Results:

  • Quantified large-scale parameters and temporal dispersion characteristics under different density conditions.
  • Assessed the influence of vegetation and vehicle density on millimeter-wave propagation.
  • Identified specific propagation impairments caused by environmental obstructions.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides essential data for deploying robust wireless communication systems in outdoor parking areas.
  • Results aid in mitigating signal degradation caused by environmental factors in V2I communications.