Self-Supporting Hydrogels Based on Fmoc-Derivatized Cationic Hexapeptides for Potential Biomedical Applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Peptide-based hydrogels (PHGs) are versatile biocompatible materials for drug delivery and diagnostics.
• A novel class of synthetic hydrogel-forming amphiphilic cationic peptides (series K) was introduced for bioprinting.
• The N-terminus modification of series K peptides was explored to enhance hydrogel properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize novel Fmoc-modified analogues of series K peptides.
• To investigate the self-assembly and gelation behavior of these new peptide derivatives.
• To evaluate the potential of the most promising hydrogel for tissue engineering applications.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of six Fmoc-modified series K peptide analogues.
• Biophysical techniques to assess self-assembly and gelation properties.
• Rheological measurements (G') and cell culture studies (adhesion, survival, proliferation).

Main Results:

• Only Fmoc-derivatives of series K retained their gelation capability.
• Fmoc-K3 hydrogel exhibited significant rigidity (G' = 2526 Pa).
• Fmoc-K3 hydrogel fully supported cell adhesion, survival, and proliferation.

Conclusions:

• Aromatic modification, specifically Fmoc incorporation, is crucial for the gelation of series K peptides.
• The Fmoc-K3 hydrogel is a promising candidate for tissue engineering due to its mechanical properties and cytocompatibility.
• Successful gelation relies on a precise balance of intermolecular forces like van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking.