Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

12.0K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
12.0K
Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

Overview of Cell Signaling

22.4K
Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...
22.4K
Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

10.1K
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
10.1K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

13.1K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
13.1K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

6.7K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.7K
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

49.5K
Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
49.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The future of combat trauma anesthesia in an austere environment (CTA in AE).

Surgery·2025
Same author

Assessing <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> Trogocytosis By Murine CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells.

Bio-protocol·2021
Same author

Trogocytosis-Mediated Intracellular Signaling in CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells Drives T<sub>H</sub>2-Associated Effector Cytokine Production and Differentiation.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2019
Same author

CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Differentiation and Activation.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2018
Same author

Models of Hydrogel Swelling with Applications to Hydration Sensing.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

24.1K

Lymphocytes and Trogocytosis-Mediated Signaling.

Jim Reed1, Madison Reichelt1, Scott A Wetzel1,2

  • 1Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.

Cells
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Trogocytosis, the transfer of cell parts between immune cells, significantly impacts the receiving cell

Keywords:
CD4+ T cellsauto-presentationcytokinedifferentiationimmune responseimmune synapseintercellular transferintracellular signalingnatural killer cellstrogocytosis

More Related Videos

Real-time Live Imaging of T-cell Signaling Complex Formation
10:31

Real-time Live Imaging of T-cell Signaling Complex Formation

Published on: June 23, 2013

14.1K
Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
09:14

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Published on: June 13, 2014

16.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 30, 2025

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

24.1K
Real-time Live Imaging of T-cell Signaling Complex Formation
10:31

Real-time Live Imaging of T-cell Signaling Complex Formation

Published on: June 23, 2013

14.1K
Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
09:14

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Published on: June 13, 2014

16.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Trogocytosis is the intercellular transfer of membrane molecules.
  • This process occurs in various biological contexts, notably within the immune system.
  • It involves multiple immune cell types, including T cells and natural killer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of trogocytosis-mediated signaling on the individual trogocytosis-positive cell.
  • To highlight the less understood effects on the recipient cell's biology.
  • Focus on natural killer cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of trogocytosis studies.
  • Analysis of molecular transfer between immune cells.
  • Focus on signaling pathways activated in recipient cells.

Main Results:

  • Trogocytosed molecules can significantly alter the recipient cell's function.
  • Intercellularly transferred molecules, like MHC:peptide, can activate recipient cell receptors.
  • This signaling impacts the individual cell's biology, not just its interaction with other cells.

Conclusions:

  • Trogocytosis-mediated signaling profoundly affects the recipient immune cell.
  • Understanding this impact is crucial for comprehending immune responses.
  • Further research into recipient cell biology is warranted.