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Altered States of Awareness

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Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

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Increased Entropic Brain Dynamics during DeepDream-Induced Altered Perceptual Phenomenology.

Antonino Greco1,2,3, Giuseppe Gallitto4, Marco D'Alessandro5

  • 1Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
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Researchers used the DeepDream algorithm to simulate hallucinatory states, revealing similar brain activity patterns to psychedelic drug use. This method offers a novel approach for studying altered perception in neuroimaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Psychedelic drugs offer unique insights into brain dynamics and conscious perception.
  • Ethical, legal, and physiological confounding factors complicate psychedelic research.
  • Investigating altered perceptual phenomenology requires innovative neuroimaging methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of the DeepDream algorithm in mimicking hallucinatory states.
  • To compare neural activity patterns induced by DeepDream stimuli with those of psychedelic states.
  • To validate DeepDream as a tool for neuroimaging research on altered perception.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the DeepDream algorithm to generate visual stimuli simulating hallucinatory experiences.
  • Recorded electroencephalography (EEG) data from participants exposed to normal and DeepDream-modified videos.
  • Analyzed EEG data for changes in brain activity, complexity, entropy, and functional connectivity.

Main Results:

  • DeepDream-generated stimuli induced altered brain patterns characterized by higher frontal entropy and lower complexity.
  • Increased undirected connectivity and greater entropy were observed in functional networks during modified video exposure.
  • Findings suggest DeepDream elicits neural dynamics comparable to those induced by psychedelic drugs.

Conclusions:

  • The DeepDream algorithm effectively mimics key aspects of psychedelic-induced brain activity.
  • DeepDream serves as a viable, ethically sound alternative for studying altered perceptual states in neuroimaging.
  • This computational approach advances research into the neural basis of consciousness and perception.