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Updated: Oct 30, 2025
A Comprehensive Procedure to Evaluate the In Vivo Performance of Cancer Nanomedicines
Published on: March 4, 2017
From Nanoparticles to Cancer Nanomedicine: Old Problems with New Solutions
Chi-Ling Chiang1,2, Ming-Huei Cheng3,4, Chih-Hsin Lin5
1Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43202, USA.
Abstract:
Anticancer nanomedicines have been studied over 30 years, but fewer than 10 formulations have been approved for clinical therapy today. Despite abundant options of anticancer drugs, it remains challenging to have agents specifically target cancer cells while reducing collateral toxicity to healthy tissue. Nanocompartments that can be selective toward points deeply within malignant tissues are a promising concept, but the heterogeneity of tumor tissue, inefficiency of cargo loading and releasing, and low uniformity of manufacture required from preclinical to commercialization are major obstacles. Technological advances have been made in this field, creating engineered nanomaterials with improved uniformity, flexibility of cargo loading, diversity of surface modification, and less inducible immune responses. This review highlights the developmental process of approved nanomedicines and the opportunities for novel materials that combine insights of tumors and nanotechnology to develop a more effective nanomedicine for cancer patients.
Insights
Despite decades of research, few anticancer nanomedicines are approved. Novel nanomaterials offer improved targeting and reduced toxicity for cancer patients, addressing key manufacturing and delivery challenges.
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Biotechnology
- Oncology
Background:
- Anticancer nanomedicines have been researched for over 30 years, yet clinical approval remains limited.
- Targeting cancer cells specifically while minimizing harm to healthy tissues is a persistent challenge in drug development.
- Nanocompartments show promise for targeting tumors but face hurdles like tumor heterogeneity and manufacturing inconsistencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development of approved nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
- To explore opportunities for novel nanomaterials in cancer treatment.
- To highlight advancements in nanotechnology for improved drug delivery.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on approved nanomedicines.
- Analysis of technological advancements in nanomaterial design.
- Discussion of challenges and opportunities in nanomedicine development.
Main Results:
- Fewer than 10 nanomedicine formulations have been approved for clinical use.
- Engineered nanomaterials demonstrate improved uniformity, cargo loading, and surface modification.
- Reduced immunogenicity and enhanced targeting capabilities are key advancements.
Conclusions:
- Nanomedicine holds significant potential for improving cancer therapy.
- Overcoming challenges in manufacturing and tumor targeting is crucial for clinical translation.
- Future nanomedicines can be more effective by integrating tumor biology insights with nanotechnology.
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