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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

Ex vivo Expansion of Tumor-reactive T Cells by Means of Bryostatin 1/Ionomycin and the Common Gamma Chain Cytokines Formulation
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Reengineering Tumor Microenvironment with Sequential Interleukin Delivery.

Marxa L Figueiredo1,2, Rachel Letteri3, Delphine Chan-Seng4

  • 1Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sequential therapy combining Interleukin-27 (IL-27) with Interleukin-18 (IL-18) significantly reduces prostate cancer growth. A novel chimeric cytokine, 27pepL, also shows efficacy, further enhanced when sequenced with IL-18.

Keywords:
Interleukin-18Interleukin-27immune effector signaturesprostate cancersequential deliverysonoporationtargeted IL-27pepL

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Cytokines like Interleukin-27 (IL-27) can modulate anti-tumor immunity and the tumor micro-environment.
  • IL-27 has shown partial tumor growth reduction in models, including prostate cancer.
  • Interleukin-18 (IL-18) induces immune effector cell proliferation via Interferon-gamma (IFNγ).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synergistic effect of combining IL-27 with IL-18 for enhanced prostate cancer growth control.
  • To evaluate a novel chimeric cytokine (27pepL) targeting IL-6 receptor alpha (IL-6Rα) on tumor cells.
  • To compare the efficacy of sequential IL-27/IL-18 therapy with single-agent and combination 27pepL therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Gene delivery of IL-27 followed by sequential administration of IL-18 (27→18) in cell culture and immunocompetent mouse models.
  • Development and testing of a chimeric cytokine (27pepL) targeting tumor cells via IL-6Rα.
  • Bioinformatics analysis of tumor microenvironment immune effector signatures and pathway enrichment.

Main Results:

  • The sequential 27→18 therapy significantly reduced prostate cancer cell viability in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.
  • The novel 27pepL cytokine demonstrated comparable efficacy to the 27→18 combination.
  • Sequencing 27pepL with IL-18 (27pepL→18) further enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
  • Bioinformatic analyses confirmed reduced tumor growth and identified enriched immune effector signatures.

Conclusions:

  • Sequential cytokine therapy, particularly IL-27 followed by IL-18, is a promising strategy for enhancing anti-prostate tumor immunity.
  • The novel chimeric cytokine 27pepL offers a targeted approach with enhanced efficacy when combined with IL-18.
  • This cytokine sequencing strategy provides a flexible platform for augmenting IL-27 bioactivity against prostate tumors and potentially other cancers.