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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

An In-House-Built and Light-Emitting-Diode-Based Photodynamic Therapy Device for Enhancing Verteporfin Cytotoxicity in a 2D Cell Culture Model
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Targeted Cancer Therapy Using Compounds Activated by Light.

Petra Dunkel1, Janez Ilaš2

  • 1Department of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 1092 Budapest, Hungary.

Cancers
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Light-activated anticancer drugs show promise for improving cancer treatment selectivity and reducing side effects. Research into photocages and photoswitches aims for potent, targeted therapies, offering hope for future clinical applications.

Keywords:
azobenzeneslight-activatable materialsphotocagesphotopharmacologyphotoresponsive drug delivery systemsphotoswitches

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Area of Science:

  • Photochemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer chemotherapy faces limitations due to modest selectivity and toxic side effects.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to develop more potent and selective anticancer agents.
  • Light-activated approaches offer a promising avenue for targeted drug delivery and activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anticancer applications of light-activated compounds, specifically photocages and photoswitches.
  • To discuss the structural considerations in developing novel light-activatable anticancer agents.
  • To highlight the assays used to evaluate the efficacy of in vivo light-dependent activation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental data on photocages and photoswitches for cancer therapy.
  • Analysis of structural features influencing photochemical and pharmacological properties.
  • Examination of in vitro and in vivo assays for assessing light-dependent activation efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Photocages and photoswitches are experimental light-activated approaches with potential in cancer therapy.
  • Development of novel compounds requires careful consideration of structural and photochemical properties.
  • Rigorous assays are essential to validate the in vivo performance of light-activated agents.

Conclusions:

  • Light-activated anticancer strategies hold immense potential for enhancing drug selectivity and efficacy.
  • Significant challenges remain in translating these experimental tools into clinical practice.
  • Ongoing research and rapid development in this field offer hope for future therapeutic advancements.