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Related Concept Videos

The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

Dual Effects of Melanoma Cell-derived Factors on Bone Marrow Adipocytes Differentiation
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Dual Effects of Melanoma Cell-derived Factors on Bone Marrow Adipocytes Differentiation

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Bone marrow adipocytes - Good, bad, or just different?

Ananya Nandy1, Elizabeth Rendina-Ruedy2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAdipo) are key cells in skeletal homeostasis, influencing bone health. Understanding their lineage and function is crucial for future clinical applications in bone metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Skeletal biology and bone metabolism.
  • Cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone homeostasis.
  • Adipocyte biology and its role in non-adipose tissue environments.

Background:

  • Skeletal remodeling, involving osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, is vital for bone mass maintenance and closely linked to whole-body metabolism.
  • Disruptions in skeletal remodeling can lead to increased fragility and fractures.
  • The bone marrow niche contains diverse cell types, including immune cells and classic bone cells, that communicate to regulate skeletal homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present recent studies and an up-to-date understanding of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAdipo).
  • To explore the lineage and function of BMAdipo within the bone marrow compartment.
  • To discuss future clinical perspectives related to bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT).

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on bone marrow adipocytes.
  • Analysis of recent studies investigating BMAdipo lineage and function.
  • Synthesis of data to provide an updated understanding of BMAT.

Main Results:

  • Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAdipo) are increasingly recognized as significant regulators of skeletal homeostasis.
  • While understanding of BMAT has advanced, many questions regarding BMAdipo lineage and function persist.
  • This collection synthesizes current knowledge and highlights areas for future research.

Conclusions:

  • Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAdipo) play a critical role in skeletal health and are a focus of intense scientific inquiry.
  • Further research into BMAdipo lineage and function is essential for a comprehensive understanding of bone metabolism.
  • Future clinical strategies may target bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) for therapeutic interventions related to skeletal fragility.