The intersection of gross motor abilities and participation in children with autism spectrum disorder

Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate movement difficulties in addition to problems with social communication and interactions, and repetitive or restrictive behaviors. The goal of early intervention for children with disabilities is to promote participation in routines and activities, but little is known about the role gross motor abilities contribute to participation for young children with ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between gross motor abilities and participation in preschool-aged children with ASD. Twenty-two children with ASD participated in the study. Gross motor skills were measured using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition. Participation was measured using the Preschool Activity Card Sort. Children who had greater gross motor skills also demonstrated greater participation in self-care, high demand leisure, and social interaction activities. Results also identified activities that may be difficult for preschoolers with ASD. Findings suggest that early childhood intervention providers consider the impact of gross motor deficits within the context of participation in daily routines and activities.