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Related Experiment Video

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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Performance validity in outpatients with multiple sclerosis and cognitive complaints.

I M Nauta¹, D Bertens², M van Dam³

¹Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)

|July 2, 2021

Summary

Suboptimal performance is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with cognitive complaints. This invalidates test results, highlighting the need to consider performance validity in MS cognitive research and clinical practice.

Keywords:

Multiple sclerosis cognitive impairment neuropsychological assessment performance validity suboptimal performance

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Area of Science:

Neuropsychology
Neurology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Suboptimal performance during neuropsychological assessment invalidates cognitive test results.
Suboptimal performance is rarely investigated in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate potential underlying mechanisms of suboptimal performance in MS patients with cognitive complaints.

Main Methods:

Analyzed performance validity testing, neuropsychological assessments, neuroimaging, and questionnaires in 99 MS outpatients.
Classified patients as valid/invalid performers and cognitively impaired/preserved.
Performed group comparisons and correlational analyses on demographics, patient-reported, and disease-related outcomes.

Main Results:

Twenty percent of MS patients displayed invalid performance.
Invalid and valid performers did not differ in demographics, patient-reported, or disease-related outcomes.
Lower performance validity correlated with lower cognitive functioning, education, male sex, and higher disability.

Conclusions:

Suboptimal performance is frequent in MS patients with cognitive complaints.
Performance validity must be considered in MS cognitive research and clinical practice.
Further research is needed to identify factors differentiating suboptimal from optimal performers with cognitive impairment.