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General self-efficacy in individuals with visual impairment compared with the general population
Audun Brunes1, Marianne B Hansen2, Trond Heir1,3
1Section for Trauma, Catastrophes and Forced Migration-Adults and Elderly, Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway.
Plos One
|July 2, 2021
Summary
Individuals with visual impairment demonstrate higher general self-efficacy than the general population. This enhanced self-efficacy is linked to greater life satisfaction, highlighting its importance for well-being.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited knowledge exists regarding self-efficacy and its impact on the quality of life for individuals with visual impairment.
- Self-efficacy plays a crucial role in overall well-being and life satisfaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare general self-efficacy levels in visually impaired adults versus the general population.
- To examine the relationship between self-efficacy and life satisfaction among individuals with visual impairment.
Main Methods:
- A telephone-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with adults from the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted.
- Data collected included sociodemographics, vision loss characteristics, general self-efficacy (General Self-efficacy Scale), and life satisfaction (Cantril's Ladder).
- Norm data from a representative survey of the general Norwegian population were used for comparison.
Main Results:
- Visually impaired individuals exhibited higher general self-efficacy (Mean: 31.5) compared to the general population (Mean: 29.0, p < .001).
- Higher education and urban residence correlated with increased self-efficacy in the visually impaired group.
- Additional impairments and a history of assault were associated with lower self-efficacy.
- A significant linear relationship was observed between self-efficacy and life satisfaction in both groups.
Conclusions:
- Visually impaired individuals possess higher self-efficacy, potentially due to adaptive mastery experiences.
- Self-efficacy is a key factor in achieving optimal life satisfaction for those with visual impairment.
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