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EHMT1 knockdown induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in lung cancer cells by increasing CDKN1A expression

Jinkwon Lee1,2, Kwangho Kim1, Tae Young Ryu1

  • 1Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.

Molecular Oncology
|July 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

EHMT1, a histone methyltransferase, is elevated in lung cancer and drives cancer cell growth. Reducing EHMT1 triggers apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Histone methyltransferases' roles in human diseases, especially cancer, are not fully understood.
  • EHMT1 (EuHMT1/G9a-like protein) is a histone lysine methyltransferase.
  • Dysfunctional histone methyltransferases are implicated in various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of EHMT1 in lung cancer pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which EHMT1 influences cancer cell behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis of EHMT1 expression in lung carcinoma tissues.
  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis.
  • Flow cytometry (FACS) analysis, cell growth assays, and 3D spheroid culture.
  • Gene knockdown experiments targeting EHMT1.

Main Results:

  • EHMT1 expression is significantly upregulated in human lung carcinomas compared to normal lung tissues.
  • EHMT1 is associated with apoptosis and cell cycle regulation.
  • Knockdown of EHMT1 induces apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in lung cancer cell lines (A549, H1299).
  • EHMT1 knockdown leads to CDKN1A upregulation and E-cadherin downregulation, affecting cell aggregation in 3D spheroids.

Conclusions:

  • EHMT1 plays a critical role in regulating lung cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression.
  • EHMT1 modulates CDKN1A expression, impacting cell cycle arrest.
  • EHMT1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.
Keywords:
CDKN1AEHMT1apoptosiscell cyclelung cancer

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