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Tracheal tubes in cold stress.

B E Dahlgren1, H G Nilsson, B Viklund

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital, Linköping University, Sweden.

Anaesthesia
|August 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Plastic tracheal tubes fracture in cold climates. Rubber tubes are more cold-tolerant, but both can cause tissue damage if too cold. Body heat can quickly rewarm tubes.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Devices
  • Materials Science
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Tracheal tubes are critical during medical rescues in cold environments.
  • Fracture of plastic tracheal tubes due to cold stress has been reported.
  • The impact of cold on the integrity and safety of tracheal tubes requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the susceptibility of rubber and plastic tracheal tubes to cold stress.
  • To compare the performance and safety of different tracheal tube materials in cold conditions.
  • To provide recommendations for handling and transport of tracheal tubes in cold climates.

Main Methods:

  • Testing plastic and rubber tracheal tubes in a climate chamber under controlled cold conditions.
  • Evaluating tube stiffness, resistance to reshaping, and sensitivity to shock and manipulation.

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  • Assessing the potential for tissue damage from very cold tubes and the efficacy of rewarming.

    • Main Results:

    • Plastic tracheal tubes became significantly stiffer and more brittle when chilled.
    • Plastic tubes exhibited increased resistance to reshaping and greater sensitivity to shock.
    • Rubber tubes demonstrated higher tolerance to cold stress compared to plastic.
    • Both very cold rubber and plastic tubes posed a risk of inducing tissue damage.

    Conclusions:

    • Plastic tracheal tubes require protection against cold and shock during transport and use.
    • Rubber tracheal tubes are more tolerant of cold stress, making them potentially more suitable for cold climates.
    • Rewarming cold tracheal tubes using rescuer's body heat is a feasible and rapid method to prevent tissue damage.