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Updated: Oct 30, 2025

Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment
Published on: June 2, 2020
Extracellular vesicles in endothelial cells: from mediators of cell-to-cell communication to cargo delivery tools
Enrico Desideri1, Fabio Ciccarone2, Maria Rosa Ciriolo3
1Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome.
Abstract:
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles released from most cell types that play a key role in cell-to-cell communication by carrying DNA, non-coding RNAs, proteins and lipids out of cells. The composition of EVs depends on the cell or tissue of origin and changes according to their pathophysiological conditions, making EVs a potential circulating biomarker of disease. Additionally, the natural tropism of EVs for specific organs and cells has raised the interest in their use as delivery vehicles. In this review, we provide an overview of EV biogenesis, isolation and characterization. We also discuss EVs in the context of endothelial pathophysiology, summarizing the current knowledge about their role in cell communication in quiescent and activated endothelial cells. In the last part, we describe the potential use of EVs as delivery vehicles of bioactive compounds and the current strategies to load exogenous cargo and to functionalize EVs to drive them to a specific tissue.
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