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Temporomandibular disorder treatment algorithm for otolaryngologists.

Esther Lee1, Hannah R Crowder1, Neelima Tummala1

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is common in otolaryngology clinics. This review proposes an evidence-based algorithm to guide otolaryngologists in managing TMD, improving patient outcomes and resource utilization.

Keywords:
AlgorithmOtolaryngologyTMDTMJTemporomandibular

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Evidence-based medicine
  • Medical algorithms

Background:

  • Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a frequent diagnosis encountered in otolaryngology outpatient settings.
  • The etiology of TMD is multifactorial, encompassing myofascial, intraarticular, neurologic, traumatic, and psychiatric components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a literature review on current temporomandibular disorder (TMD) management strategies.
  • To develop an evidence-based treatment algorithm for otolaryngologists managing TMD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Scopus databases.
  • Studies detailing TMD etiology, diagnostics, and management were reviewed and synthesized.
  • Two independent reviewers evaluated study eligibility based on predefined inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

  • TMD management requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving specialists such as physical therapists, dentists, and psychiatrists.
  • Conservative treatments are the initial approach, with further interventions guided by patient response.
  • An algorithm was developed to standardize the decision-making process for otolaryngologists.

Conclusions:

  • An evidence-based algorithm can enhance the efficiency of TMD management in otolaryngology.
  • Appropriate and timely referrals are crucial to prevent prolonged patient suffering and resource wastage.
  • Implementing this algorithm aims to improve treatment efficacy and patient outcomes for temporomandibular disorders.