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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...

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Multiligamentous Knee Injuries: Current Concepts Review.

Calvin Holloway¹, Andrew Rizzi², Jason Dickherber²

¹University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.

The Journal of Knee Surgery

|July 2, 2021

Summary

Multiligamentous knee injuries (MLKI) are severe knee injuries often linked to knee dislocations. Risk factors like age and BMI impact outcomes, with operative treatment and reconstruction debated for optimal results.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Sports Medicine
Trauma Surgery

Background:

Multiligamentous knee injuries (MLKI) are severe, potentially debilitating injuries often occurring with knee dislocations (KD).
Understanding risk factors influencing MLKI incidence and treatment outcomes is crucial for surgical planning and patient management.
This review aims to identify MLKI risk factors, associated injuries, treatment considerations, and their impact on patient outcomes.

Approach:

A retrospective literature review of 35 studies (Level 3 and 4 evidence, 2009-2020) was conducted.
Data on MLKI injuries, risk factors, treatment strategies, and outcomes were analyzed.
Additionally, 25 MLKI patient cases from a tertiary care center (2015-2019) were included.

Key Points:

MLKI predominantly affect younger males.
Increased age, body mass index (BMI), and injury severity correlate with poorer functional and patient-reported outcomes.
Operative treatment is standard, but timing and the choice between repair versus reconstruction remain debated, often individualized.

Conclusions:

MLKIs present with significant variability in presentation, treatment, and outcomes.
Injury mechanism, severity, treatment timing, and surgeon preference are key determinants of patient outcomes.
A comprehensive understanding of current literature and a holistic patient approach are essential for optimizing outcomes in MLKI management.