Roles of noncoding RNAs in preeclampsia

Area of Science:

• Reproductive biology
• Genetics
• Molecular medicine

Background:

• Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication causing multi-organ damage, with unclear pathogenesis and limited treatment options.
• Current management for PE involves pregnancy termination, highlighting the need for better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
• Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), once dismissed as 'junk' DNA, are now recognized for their crucial roles in physiological and pathological processes, including pregnancy disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the expression patterns and functional mechanisms of ncRNAs in preeclampsia pathogenesis.
• To examine the clinical significance of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for PE.
• To discuss the influence of genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic regulation on ncRNAs in PE.

Main Methods:

• Literature review summarizing current research on ncRNAs in preeclampsia.
• Analysis of expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in PE.
• Examination of functional mechanisms and clinical applications of ncRNAs in PE diagnosis.

Main Results:

• Specific ncRNAs are found to be imbalanced in expression and involved in PE pathogenesis.
• ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, play significant roles in the development of PE.
• ncRNAs demonstrate potential as noninvasive biomarkers for PE diagnosis.

Conclusions:

• ncRNAs are critically involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
• ncRNAs hold significant promise as noninvasive biomarkers for early and accurate diagnosis of PE.
• Further research into ncRNAs can reinforce their clinical value in managing preeclampsia.