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Updated: Oct 30, 2025

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Building a sustainable rural physician workforce.

Remo Ostini, Matthew R McGrail, Srinivas Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan

    The Medical Journal of Australia
    |July 4, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rural physicians experience similar professional satisfaction to their urban counterparts, though support networks and training opportunities require enhancement. Addressing these factors is crucial for attracting and retaining a robust rural specialist physician workforce in Australia.

    Keywords:
    AccreditationDelivery of healthcareEducationHealth planningHealthcare disparitiesMedical collegesRural health servicesprofessional

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Workforce Research
    • Rural Health
    • Physician Training and Satisfaction

    Background:

    • Understanding the professional experiences and satisfaction levels of rural versus metropolitan physicians is vital for workforce planning.
    • Previous research has indicated potential disparities in professional satisfaction and support for physicians in rural Australia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess demographic characteristics, professional profiles, and professional satisfaction differences between rural and metropolitan junior physicians and consultants in Australia.
    • To explore the construction of professional identity among general physicians and paediatricians in non-metropolitan areas.
    • To identify contributors to the sustainability of rural specialist physician training sites.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional, population-level national survey of specialist physicians (Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life study).
    • In-depth qualitative interviews with general physicians, paediatricians, and key informants involved in rural specialist policy.
    • Mixed-methods design including national surveys and interviews with Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) trainees and Fellows.

    Main Results:

    • Rural physicians across career stages reported comparable professional satisfaction to metropolitan counterparts, with some exceptions in support and supervision.
    • Rural general physicians and paediatricians highly value generalism and community engagement, with professional identity shaped by location and local context.
    • High satisfaction was reported by most trainees and Fellows, though inner regional Fellows noted lower satisfaction with opportunities to use abilities; good support networks were linked to higher satisfaction.

    Conclusions:

    • Junior physicians in rural and metropolitan settings share similar professional experiences, highlighting the need to enhance rural training opportunities and address professional isolation.
    • Developing coordinated strategies for advanced rural training is essential, emphasizing collective identity and addressing structural biases favoring urban areas.
    • Eight principles for sustainable rural physician workforce development were identified, emphasizing local connection, community-based training, and integrated support systems.