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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication
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Molecular insights into phytochemicals-driven break function in tumor microenvironment.

Priyanshi Rana1, Amarjeet Shrama1, Chandi C Mandal1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.

Journal of Food Biochemistry
|July 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phytochemicals show promise for cancer treatment by modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Further research is needed to understand their precise targets and ensure effective, safe application against cancer progression.

Keywords:
cancerphytochemicalssignalingstromal cellstumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancer progression, influencing angiogenesis, cell division, and metastasis.
  • Current cancer therapies face limitations, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents.
  • Phytochemicals are emerging as potent anticancer agents with the potential to modulate the TME.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of the TME in cancer progression and identify therapeutic targets.
  • To review known phytochemicals that exhibit significant TME modulatory effects.
  • To highlight the need for precise target identification of phytochemicals for effective cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on the tumor microenvironment and phytochemicals.
  • Analysis of phytochemicals targeting molecular pathways within the TME.
  • Examination of phytochemicals affecting cellular components and signaling pathways in the tumor vicinity.

Main Results:

  • Phytochemicals like curcumin, EGCG, and resveratrol modulate the TME by targeting cancer-associated cells and extracellular matrix components.
  • These compounds can inhibit key signaling pathways (e.g., STAT3, NF-κB) in non-cancer cells within the TME.
  • Several phytochemicals demonstrate potential in inhibiting tumor progression through TME modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Phytochemicals offer a promising therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment by targeting the TME.
  • Understanding the specific cellular and molecular targets of phytochemicals is crucial for their clinical application.
  • Further research is essential to evaluate the precise effects and safety of phytochemicals on individual TME components to avoid off-target effects.