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Prediction of gene expression under drought stress in spring wheat using codon usage pattern.
Meshal M Almutairi1, Abdullah A Alrajhi1
1National Center of Agricultural Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology KACST, Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
|July 5, 2021
Summary
Analyzing gene features in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) under drought stress reveals key codon usage patterns. These findings aid in developing drought-tolerant wheat varieties through genetic engineering and gene prediction.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a vital food source, with gene expression critical for growth and productivity.
- Drought stress significantly impacts wheat growth and productivity, necessitating research into stress tolerance mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze nucleotide and gene expression features in spring wheat under drought stress.
- To investigate codon usage patterns and their relationship with drought tolerance in wheat.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of gene features including nucleotide composition and codon adaptation index.
- Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to explain variations in relative synonymous codon usage.
- Evaluation of codon frequency and modified relative codon bias values.
Main Results:
- Higher codon adaptation index observed in wheat root and L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase.
- Guanine and cytosine content was high (55.56%) in wheat root and low (41.28%) in L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase.
- Specific codons (CAA, GAA, GAT, ATG) showed higher relative synonymous codon usage values in wheat root, with PCA explaining 62.95% of variation.
Conclusions:
- Codon usage patterns in wheat are influenced by drought stress.
- Understanding these patterns is crucial for genetic engineering and gene prediction to develop drought-tolerant wheat varieties.
- The study provides insights into molecular evolution and breeding strategies for enhanced wheat resilience.
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