Association between periodontitis and vitamin D status: A case-control study.

Area of Science:

• Oral Health
• Endocrinology
• Public Health

Background:

• Periodontitis and vitamin D deficiency are common in Saudi adults.
• The relationship between periodontitis and vitamin D status requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between periodontitis and vitamin D status in Saudi adults from the Albaha region.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 123 Saudi adults (60 with periodontitis, 63 controls).
• Data collected via online sociodemographic questionnaire, periodontal examination, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level assessment.
• Participants were matched for BMI, age, and sex.

Main Results:

• Mean serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the periodontitis group (25.03 ± 8.55 ng/ml) compared to the control group (29.19 ± 12.82 ng/ml) (p=0.037).
• Lower odds of periodontitis were associated with each unit increase in serum 25(OH)D level (OR 0.964, 95% CI: 0.931-0.999, p=0.043).

Conclusions:

• Periodontitis is significantly associated with deficient and insufficient vitamin D levels in Saudi adults in the Albaha region.
• Further longitudinal research with larger sample sizes is recommended to validate these findings.