Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

505
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
505
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

155
Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
155
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

283
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
283
Dysrhythmias VII: Nursing Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VII: Nursing Management of Dysrhythmias

166
Nursing management of dysrhythmias involves the following:AssessmentSubjective Assessment:The initial step involves gathering patient-reported symptoms such as dizziness, palpitations, and chest discomfort. It is crucial to collect a detailed history, including previous heart conditions, current medication use, and lifestyle factors like caffeine and alcohol consumption.Objective Assessment:This involves observing clinical signs such as jugular venous distention, cool and pale skin, and...
166
Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

308
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
308
Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

186
Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
186

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CD44 antagonism after traumatic brain injury influences the adult neurogenic niche and behavioral outcomes.

Brain structure & function·2026
Same author

Intranasal Human NSC-Derived EVs Therapy Can Restrain Inflammatory Microglial Transcriptome, and NLRP3 and cGAS-STING Signaling, in Aged Hippocampus.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Case Series.

Mayo Clinic proceedings·2026
Same author

Comprehensive Phenotype and Treatment Description of Mitochondrial Diabetes: Insights From a Large Cohort Study.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2026
Same author

Creating a Trauma-Informed Multidisciplinary Clinic.

Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)·2025
Same author

Recent Updates on COVID-19 Associated Strokes.

Neuroscience insights·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

Long-term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Small Rodent Models of Human Disease Using the Epoch Wireless Transmitter System
08:43

Long-term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Small Rodent Models of Human Disease Using the Epoch Wireless Transmitter System

Published on: July 21, 2015

25.9K

Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus: Prognosis and Recent Advances in Management.

Batool F Kirmani1,2, Katherine Au3, Lena Ayari1

  • 11Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA.

Aging and Disease
|July 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is a severe neurological emergency resistant to standard treatments. This review explores diverse therapies for SRSE, highlighting the need for more research on effective treatments.

Keywords:
and neuronal injuryneurological emergencynew onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE)status epilepticus (SE)super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE)

More Related Videos

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
05:54

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

Published on: June 13, 2016

17.5K
Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid GABA into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice
07:01

Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid GABA into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice

Published on: May 16, 2019

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 30, 2025

Long-term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Small Rodent Models of Human Disease Using the Epoch Wireless Transmitter System
08:43

Long-term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Small Rodent Models of Human Disease Using the Epoch Wireless Transmitter System

Published on: July 21, 2015

25.9K
Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
05:54

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

Published on: June 13, 2016

17.5K
Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid GABA into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice
07:01

Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid GABA into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice

Published on: May 16, 2019

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is a critical neurological condition with high mortality and morbidity.
  • It is defined as status epilepticus (SE) persisting or recurring 24 hours after anesthesia onset, often seen in severe brain injury or new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging therapies for managing SRSE.
  • To provide treatment suggestions and discuss future research directions for this challenging condition.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of traditional and alternative anesthetic and antiepileptic agents.
  • Assessment of emerging therapies including hypothermia, steroids, immunosuppressants, electrical/magnetic stimulation, epilepsy surgery, ketogenic diet, pyridoxine, CSF drainage, and magnesium infusion.

Main Results:

  • Current data on the safety and efficacy of various SRSE therapies are limited.
  • There is a significant need for robust evidence from large, randomized, multicenter trials.

Conclusions:

  • SRSE management requires a comprehensive approach due to its refractory nature.
  • Further research is crucial to establish evidence-based treatment guidelines and improve patient outcomes.